Nchiyani Chimapangitsa QGM Block Kupanga Makina Kukhala Njira Yodalirika ya Zomera za Konkire?

Kwa zaka zopitilira makumi awiri, opanga ma block a konkire m'makontinenti asanu akhala akusintha kukhala zida zolimba, zolondola kwambiri zomwe zimachepetsa nthawi yopumira ndikukulitsa zotulutsa. Makina opangira ma block ndi kugunda kwamtima kwa chomera chilichonse cha konkriti, chomwe chimalimbikitsa mtundu wazinthu, mtengo wopanga, komanso kupindula kwanthawi yayitali. Akawunika makina, oyang'anira mafakitale amafunafuna uinjiniya wotsimikizika, ukadaulo wowonekera bwino, ndi mnzake yemwe amamvetsetsa zomwe msika ukufuna. Quangong Machinery Co., Ltd. yapanga makina opanga chipika cha QGM kuti athe kuthana ndi zosowa zenizenizi - kupereka ma hydraulic amphamvu, zowongolera mwanzeru, ndi mapangidwe osinthika omwe amagwirizana ndi zida zosiyanasiyana komanso nyengo. Nkhaniyi imalowa mozama muzochita zaukadaulo, zabwino zoyambira mufakitale, ndi zenizeni zogwirira ntchito zomwe zimapangitsa QGM kukhala mwala wapangodya wamitengo yamakono ya konkriti.

Kwa zaka zonse za 20 zanga m'gawo la zida zolemera, ndawona momwe makina odalirika amasinthira chuma chopanga. Fakitale yathu imatsatira njira zovomerezeka za ISO, ndi chilichonseMakina opangira ma block a QGMamayesedwa molimba mtima asanachoke pamzere wa msonkhano. Zotsatira zake ndi njira yomwe imachepetsa zinyalala, imathandizira kuchiritsa, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kachulukidwe ka block. Kaya mumapanga ma pavers wamba, zotchingira zopanda kanthu, kapena mayunitsi apadera olumikizirana, kumvetsetsa zomwe zimakweza makinawo kuchoka paokwanira mpaka apadera ndikofunikira. Pansipa, tikuphwanya malingaliro a uinjiniya, magawo oyambira, ndi zabwino zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi data zomwe zimayika QGM ngati dzina lodalirika pazomera za konkriti padziko lonse lapansi. Tiyeni tifufuze mafotokozedwe ndi ntchito zachilengedwe zomwe zimateteza ndalama zanu.

M'ndandanda wazopezekamo

• 1. Ndi Ma Parameter Anji Aumisiri Amatanthawuza Makina Opangira Ma block a QGM a Zomera Zapamwamba?
• 2. Kodi Quangong Machinery Co., Ltd. Imawonetsetsa Bwanji Kugwirizana Kwa Kupanga ndi Kutsika Kwa Ndalama Zogwirira Ntchito?
• 3. Chifukwa chiyani Zomera za Konkire Zimakonda Makina Opangira Ma block a QGM pa Ntchito Zolemera Kwambiri?
• 4. Kodi Kusamalira ndi Pambuyo Pakugulitsa Zachilengedwe Kumachirikiza Makina Opanga a QGM Block?
• Kutsiliza: Kufunika kwa Nthawi Yaitali ndi Kuphatikizana kwa Chomera
• FAQ: Nchiyani Chimapangitsa QGM Block Kupanga Makina Kukhala Njira Yodalirika ya Zomera za Concrete Block?

1. Ndi Ma Parameter Anji Aumisiri Amatanthawuza Makina Opangira Ma block a QGM a Zomera Zapamwamba?

Kumvetsetsa zaukadaulo ndiye gawo loyamba pakusankha zida zomwe zimagwirizana ndi zomwe mukufuna kupanga. Makina opanga makina a QGM-makamaka ngati QGM 900, QGM 1200, ndi QGM 1500-amapereka masinthidwe owopsa amitengo ya konkriti pakati pa 8,000 ndi 24,000 midadada yokhazikika pakusintha. Fakitale yathu imaphatikiza zida zama hydraulic ku Europe ndi makina a Nokia PLC kuti zitsimikizire kulondola kobwerezabwereza. Pansipa mupeza magawo atsatanetsatane omwe akuwonetsa chifukwa chake mainjiniya obzala amakhulupilira makinawa pamadongosolo ofunikira.

Kupitilira zoyambira, fakitale yathu idapanga makina opangira zida za QGM okhala ndi ukadaulo wa servo-hydraulic womwe umachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu mpaka 22% poyerekeza ndi makina wamba. Dongosolo la kugwedezeka kwapawiri-pawiri limalola ogwiritsa ntchito kuti asinthe matalikidwe ndi ma frequency kutengera kapangidwe kakuphatikiza kophatikiza - kofunikira kwa zomera zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito phulusa la ntchentche, miyala yophwanyidwa, kapena zida zobwezerezedwanso. Kuphatikiza apo, njira yosinthira nkhungu mwachangu imachepetsa nthawi yocheperako mpaka mphindi 15, zomwe zimathandizira kupanga munthawi yake pamakontrakitala osiyanasiyana. Kwa zomangira za konkriti zomwe zimapanga ma pavers omanga, mawonekedwe omaliza apamwamba amakhala apamwamba nthawi zonse chifukwa cha ma hydraulics omwe amawongolera kuthamanga kwa ma stripping. Fakitale yathu imaperekanso ma seti a nkhungu makonda azinthu zapadera monga midadada ya udzu, magawo oteteza malo otsetsereka, ndi midadada yosunga khoma. Tsatanetsatane wa uinjiniya ndi chifukwa chake Quangong Machinery Co., Ltd. yakhala yofanana ndi kudalirika m'misika yomwe ikubwera komanso yokhwima chimodzimodzi.

2. Kodi Quangong Machinery Co., Ltd. Imawonetsetsa Bwanji Kugwirizana Kwa Kupanga ndi Kutsika Kwa Ndalama Zogwirira Ntchito?

Ndalama zogwirira ntchito zimatsimikizira phindu la phindu pa pallet. Fakitale yathu imagwiritsa ntchito njira zopangira zowonda kuti zitsimikizire kuti makina onse opanga ma block a QGM amatulutsa zinthu zodziwikiratu ndi zinyalala zochepa. Kusasinthasintha kumayamba ndi njira yodyetsera zinthu zopangira ndipo kumapitilira kudzera mu stacking yokha. Umu ndi momwe timapangira makina okwera mtengo pamakina aliwonse.

• Chotsekera-loop hydraulic control:Imasungabe kupanikizika kwenikweni pamaulendo masauzande ambiri, kuteteza kupotoza kwa block ndikuchepetsa zinyalala za simenti ndi 8-10%.
• Kuwongolera kwanzeru kugwedezeka:Zomverera zimasintha magawo a vibration munthawi yeniyeni, kuwonetsetsa kukhazikika kofanana ngakhale chinyezi chikamasiyanasiyana.
• Njira yobwezeretsa mphamvu:Imalanda mphamvu yama braking kuchokera ku hydraulic circuit, ndikuibwezeretsanso pamakina oyambira makina - zambiri zamafakitale athu zikuwonetsa kutsika kwa 15% kwa kWh pa block iliyonse.
• Zovala za modular:Valani mbale, kusakaniza mikono, ndi mbale za liner zidapangidwa kuti zisinthidwe mwachangu popanda zida zapadera, kudula maola okonza ndi 30%.
• Kuwona kwakutali:Makina aliwonse opanga ma block a QGM amakhala ndi gawo la telemetry lomwe limalola gulu lathu lothandizira kuti liwunikire kutentha kwamafuta a hydraulic, kuchuluka kwa ma cycle, ndi mbiri ya alamu. Njira yokhazikikayi imalepheretsa kuyimitsidwa kosakonzekera.

Fakitale yathu imayang'ananso maphunziro a ogwiritsa ntchito. Timapereka ma library apakompyuta komanso ma library kuti athetse mavuto. Zomera za konkire zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito zida za QGM zikuwonetsa kuwonjezeka kwapakati pa 19% pakuchita bwino kwa zida zonse (OEE) mkati mwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Mwachitsanzo, mbewu ku Kenya yomwe imapanga midadada 12,000 tsiku lililonse idachepetsa mtengo wake wamagetsi pa block imodzi kuchoka pa $0.023 mpaka $0.017 atasinthira ku QGM. Kuphatikiza apo, makina odzipatula a nkhungu amakulitsa moyo wa nkhungu ndi mafelemu a makina.Malingaliro a kampaniMalingaliro a kampani Quangong Machinery Co., Ltd.imapereka chitsimikizo chazaka zisanu pa chimango chachikulu - umboni wa chidaliro chathu pakumanga. Ndi netiweki yazigawo zosinthira zachigawo, fakitale yathu imawonetsetsa kuti zida zofunikira monga masensa ndi mavavu zimapezeka mkati mwa maola 48, ndikufupikitsa nthawi yocheperako poyerekeza ndi kuchuluka kwamakampani. Zinthu izi pamodzi zimachepetsa mtengo wa umwini, zomwe zimapangitsa makina opangira makina a QGM kukhala chisankho chabwino pazachuma kwa mbewu zomwe zikufuna kukula.

3. Chifukwa chiyani Zomera za Konkire Zimakonda Makina Opangira Ma block a QGM pa Ntchito Zolemera Kwambiri?

Ntchito zolemetsa zimafuna makina omwe amapirira kugwedezeka kosalekeza, ma abrasive aggregates, ndi masinthidwe owonjezera. Zomera za konkriti zomwe zimapanga midadada yolumikizana, zolimba zomangira makoma, kapena zopatulira zolimba kwambiri zimafunikira makina omanga opangidwa kuchokera kuzitsulo zapamwamba komanso zida zomangika bwino. Makina opangira chipika cha QGM amakhala ndi mawonekedwe olimba omwe ali ndi tebulo lokulirapo la 40% kuposa momwe amapangira mafakitale. Fakitale yathu imagwiritsa ntchito FEA (kusanthula kwazinthu zomalizidwa) kukhathamiritsa kugawa katundu, kuthetsa kusweka kwa kupsinjika kwazaka zambiri zogwiritsidwa ntchito.

Nawa kuphatikizika kwa zinthu zomwe zimayang'ana kwambiri kukhazikika zomwe zimakopa ogwiritsa ntchito olemetsa:

• Zigawo zowongolera zokhala ndi chrome:Pewani ma abrasion kuchokera ku fumbi la simenti ndikupereka ziro-sewero kulumikizana kwa nkhungu yapamwamba.
• Njira yodyetsera yamagulu osiyanasiyana:Amachepetsa tsankho panthawi yopanga midadada yolemetsa (mpaka 25 kg pa unit).
• Dual accumulator hydraulic circuit:Imakhalabe ndi mphamvu yokakamiza yokhazikika ngakhale kupanga kukwera pamlingo wa 20 pamphindi.
• Njira yowonjezera yodyetsera pallet:Zapangidwira pallets zachitsulo mpaka makulidwe a 15 mm, ndikuchotsa kumenyana pansi pa kuphatikizika kwakukulu.
• Ma bearings akuluakulu ndi ma bushings:Malo opaka mafuta a moyo wonse amachepetsa kukangana ndi kutentha. Fakitale yathu idayesa ma bere awa pansi pa katundu wozungulira 100,000 ndikuvala zoyezera ziro.

Zomera zambiri zomangira konkire m'malo otentha komanso otentha zimasankha QGM chifukwa makina opangira ma block a QGM amakhala ndi mawaya osawononga dzimbiri komanso makabati owongolera owerengera IP65. Mu phunziro lachidziwitso kuchokera ku chomera chachikulu ku Saudi Arabia, chitsanzo cha QGM 1200 chinagwira ntchito maola 18 pa tsiku kwa miyezi 11 popanda kulephera kwa payipi imodzi ya hydraulic. Kutha kwa makina ogwiritsira ntchito miyala ya miyala ya laimu yophwanyidwa ndi konkriti yosinthidwanso popanda kusokoneza mphamvu yophulika ndi zotsatira za njira ya sayansi ya fakitale yathu. Kuphatikiza apo, makina odzipatula ogwedezeka amateteza pansi pa chomera ndi zida zoyandikana nazo kuti zisawonongeke ndi resonance. Ogwiritsa ntchito akafuna ndandanda yopanga masiku 365, makina opangira ma block a QGM amapereka kukhulupirika kwadongosolo komanso kasamalidwe ka kutentha kofunikira kuti apereke zotsatira zofananira. Ichi ndichifukwa chake eni zomera amasankha kudalirika monga chifukwa choyamba chomwe amafunira.

4. Kodi Kusamalira ndi Pambuyo Pakugulitsa Zachilengedwe Kumachirikiza Makina Opanga a QGM Block?

Makina ndi odalirika monga maukonde othandizira kumbuyo kwake. Quangong Machinery Co., Ltd. yamanga maziko a ntchito zapadziko lonse lapansi zomwe zikuphatikiza malo ogwirira ntchito m'madera, zipata zaukadaulo zapaintaneti, ndi njira yodzipatulira yopangira zida zosinthira. Fakitale yathu ikudziwa kuti zomangira za konkriti sizingathe kukwanitsa milungu ingapo, motero tidapanga njira yolosera yokonzekera yomwe imachepetsa kukonzanso mwadzidzidzi ndi 45%.

• 24/7 thandizo lakutali:Mainjiniya athu amapeza makina opangira ma block a QGM PLC kudzera pa encrypted VPN kuti azindikire ma alarm ndikusintha magawo popanda kuyendera masamba.
• Pulogalamu yapachaka yowunika thanzi:Fakitale yathu imatumiza akatswiri ovomerezeka kuti akayang'ane zida zovalira, kuwongolera masensa, ndikusintha mapulogalamu owongolera ngati gawo la mapulani owonjezera.
• Zigawo zotsalira zamalo:Timalongedza zotsalira zofunika kwambiri (zisindikizo, masiwichi oyandikira, malamba) kutengera mbiri yakugwiritsa ntchito makina, ndikutumiza mwachindunji ku mbewu yanu.
• Simulator yophunzitsira patsamba:Mapasa a digito a makina opangira block block a QGM amalola ogwiritsa ntchito anu kuyesa kusintha nkhungu ndikuthana ndi mavuto popanda kuyimitsa kupanga.
• Consumables Supply Chain:Fakitale yathu imapereka ma pallet a OEM, zomangira nkhungu, ndikusakaniza zopalasa pamitengo yopikisana, kuwonetsetsa kuti magawo enieni omwe amasunga zotuluka.

Fakitale yathu imaperekanso mapangano amtundu wautumiki (SLAs) pazomera zomwe zikuyenda maulendo awiri kapena atatu. Mwachitsanzo, malo opangira konkriti ku Indonesia adachepetsa nthawi yake yokonza (MTTR) kuchokera ku maola 14 mpaka maola 3.5 atalandira SLA yathu yoyamba, yomwe imaphatikizapo injiniya wodzipereka yemwe adakhala mkati mwa makilomita 200. Kuphatikiza apo, Quangong Machinery Co., Ltd. imayang'anira zowunikira kawiri pachaka kuti ipangitse zosintha monga makina opangira ma cube kapena masensa apamwamba kwambiri. Zamoyo zogulitsa pambuyo pogulitsa sizongoganizira; ndikuwonjezera kopangidwa mwaukadaulo waukadaulo wopanga makina a QGM block. Mukayika ndalama pazida zathu, mumapeza chidziwitso chazidziwitso zomangidwa kuchokera kumayimidwe masauzande ambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Chifukwa fakitale yathu imapanga zida zonse zazikulu m'nyumba, titha kubweretsa zida zolowa m'malo mwachangu komanso motsimikiza - palibe kusinthika kwa chipani chachitatu. Kapangidwe kake kothandizira kameneka kamasintha makinawo kuchoka pamtengo waukulu kukhala wothandizana nawo pakukula kwa mbewu kwanthawi yayitali.

Kutsiliza: Kufunika kwa Nthawi Yaitali ndi Kuphatikizana kwa Chomera

Kusankha makina opangira chipika ndi chisankho chomwe chimakhudza phindu la chomera chanu kwazaka khumi kapena kuposerapo. Makina opangira ma block a QGM ndi osiyana chifukwa chaumisiri wake wokhazikika, kapangidwe kake kopanda mphamvu zamagetsi, komanso chilengedwe chapadziko lonse lapansi chomwe chimachepetsa zoopsa. QGM yayika ndalama zambiri ku R&D kuwonetsetsa kuti fakitale yathu ikupanga zida zomwe zimagwirizana ndi zopangira zakomweko pomwe zikukwaniritsa miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi yotsimikizira kulondola kwa block ndi mphamvu zophatikizika. Kuchokera ku servo-hydraulic energy yopulumutsa mpaka zenizeni zenizeni zakutali, tsatanetsatane aliyense adapangidwa kuti apatse zomera za konkire kuti zikhale zopikisana.

Fakitale yathu ikukupemphani kuti muwunikire nokha kusiyana kwake. Kaya mukukweza mzere womwe ulipo kapena mukumanga malo atsopano, gulu lathu la uinjiniya limapereka maupangiri aulere ndi zofananira zopanga. Timaperekanso njira zosinthira zachuma komanso mapulogalamu obwereketsa. Osakhazikika pamakina omwe amasokoneza nthawi kapena kutsekeka kwabwino.Lumikizanani ndi Quangong Machinery Co., Ltd. lerokuti mufunse malingaliro atsatanetsatane ndikuwona makina opanga chipika cha QGM akugwira ntchito pamalo owonetsera pafupi ndi inu. Tiloleni tikuthandizeni kukwaniritsa zochulukira, zotsika mtengo, komanso kudalirika kosayerekezeka.

FAQ: Nchiyani Chimapangitsa QGM Block Kupanga Makina Kukhala Njira Yodalirika ya Zomera za Concrete Block?

Q1: Ndi ziphaso zotani zomwe zimatsimikizira mtundu wa makina opangira ma block a QGM pazomera zapadziko lonse lapansi za konkriti?

Makina opanga chipika cha QGM amanyamula ziphaso za CE, ISO 9001:2015, ndi GOST, zomwe zimatsimikizira kutsata miyezo yachitetezo ku Europe ndi machitidwe owongolera apamwamba padziko lonse lapansi. Fakitale yathu imawunikiridwa pachaka ndi TUV ndi SGS, kuwonetsetsa kuti chigawo chilichonse cha hydraulic, kuwongolera magetsi, ndi ma weld amakumana kapena kupitilira miyezo ya EN 12629 yamakina a konkire. Kuphatikiza apo, Quangong Machinery Co., Ltd. imapereka Declaration of Performance (DoP) pamakina aliwonse, kulemba milingo yotulutsa kugwedezeka ndi data yowongolera phokoso. Zitsimikizozi ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa zomera zomwe zimatumiza midadada kumisika yoyendetsedwa bwino, chifukwa zimathandizira kutsata malamulo akumaloko komanso kuvomereza inshuwaransi. Fakitale yathu imakhala ndi malo osungiramo ziphaso zowonekera zomwe zimafikiridwa kudzera pa kasitomala athu, kulimbitsa chikhulupiriro kudzera mwa chipani chachitatu.

Q2: Kodi chotchinga cha QGM chimagwira bwanji chinyontho chosiyanasiyana popanda kusokoneza mphamvu ya block?

Makina opangira ma block a QGM amaphatikiza njira yolipirira chinyezi mkati mwamalingaliro ake a PLC. Masensa a capacitive pafupi ndi feed hopper aggregate chinyezi mu nthawi yeniyeni, ndipo makinawo amasintha ma frequency a vibration, kuthamanga kwa compaction, ndi kuchiritsa nthawi yozungulira. Ngati chinyezi chikupitilira 8%, makina owongolera amakulitsa gawo la pre-compaction ndi masekondi 0.3 kuti athetse kusamuka kwamadzi. Kwa zosakaniza zowuma (pansi pa 5%), kuthamanga kwa hydraulic kumawonjezeka mowonjezereka kuti mukhalebe ndi mphamvu zobiriwira. Fakitale yathu idayesa dongosololi m'mitundu 15 yophatikizika, kuphatikiza zinyalala zogwetsedwanso ndi zinyalala zophulika. Zotsatira zake ndikupatuka kocheperako kochepera 2% mu mphamvu yopondereza ya block, mosasamala kanthu za kusintha kwa nyengo. Zomera za konkire zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito QGM zimapereka malipoti okanira ochepa komanso zotsatira zochiritsira zodziwikiratu, ndikuwongolera zokolola.

Q3: Kodi makina opangira ma block a QGM angaphatikizidwe ndi makina omwe alipo monga ma batch zomera ndi ma robot a cubing?

Inde, makina aliwonse opanga ma block a QGM amakhala ndi njira zolumikizirana zotseguka kuphatikiza Profibus, Modbus TCP/IP, ndi Ethernet/IP. Fakitale yathu imapereka zolembera za API zomwe zimalola kusakanikirana kosasunthika ndi makina aliwonse akuluakulu a batching (Simens, ABB, kapena Rockwell) ndi ma palletizer a robotic. Mapu a I / O amakina amaphatikizanso ma sign odzipereka ogwirana chanza podyetsa zopangira, zoperekera pallet, ndi kuchiritsa zonyamula rack. Zomera zopitilira 200 za konkire zasintha bwino makina a QGM kukhala mizere yoyambira popanda ntchito zazikulu za boma. Kuphatikiza apo, Quangong Machinery Co., Ltd. imapereka ntchito yofananira isanakwane, pomwe mainjiniya athu amajambula malingaliro anu odzipangira okha ku QGM block kupanga kabati yowongolera makina, kuchepetsa nthawi yoperekera ntchito mpaka 60%. Kusinthasintha kumeneku kumatsimikizira kuti makinawo amagwira ntchito ngati gawo la selo lopanga m'malo mokhala chilumba choyima.

Q4: Kodi nthawi yobwezera imatani pamakina opangira ma block a QGM pamalo opangira konkriti wapakati?

Kutengera deta yogwira ntchito kuchokera ku zomera 42 ku Southeast Asia ndi South America, nthawi yobwezera ndalama zambiri imachokera ku 14 mpaka miyezi 22, kutengera kayendetsedwe kawiri komanso mitengo yamisika yamsika. Fakitale yathu imawerengera izi pogwiritsa ntchito njira yosamala: Makina opangira ma block a QGM omwe amapanga midadada 10,000 patsiku phindu la $ 0.28 pa block iliyonse amatulutsa $2,800 tsiku lililonse, kuphimba ndalama zamakina osakwana miyezi 18. Kubwezako kumathamanga mukamagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zosungira mphamvu (mpaka 22%) ndikuchepetsa mitengo yazinthu (nthawi zambiri imatsika kuchokera ku 4% mpaka 1.5%). Quangong Machinery Co., Ltd. imapereka spreadsheet yosinthidwa makonda a ROI panthawi yowerengera, kuwerengera mitengo yamagetsi yakudera lanu, ndalama zogwirira ntchito, ndi mitengo ya simenti. Kuphatikiza apo, kapangidwe ka fakitale yathu yosakonza bwino kwambiri kumakulitsa moyo wazinthu, kutanthauza kuti makinawo akupitiliza kupanga phindu pakapita nthawi yobwezera - nthawi zambiri imapitilira zaka 12 zantchito yabwino.

Q5: Kodi Quangong Machinery Co., Ltd. imathandizira bwanji makasitomala okhala ndi makonda opangidwa ndi nkhungu zama mbiri apadera a block?

Fakitale yathu imagwira ntchito yodzipatulira yopangira nkhungu yokhala ndi akatswiri opanga ma CAD omwe ali ndi zaka zambiri za 12 pazida zopangira konkriti. Timagwira ntchito limodzi ndi gulu lanu kuti tipange nkhungu zachilichonse kuyambira pamiyendo yodutsamo yokhala ndi ma nibs olumikizirana mpaka midadada yamiyala yayikulu yokhala ndi m'mphepete mwachamfered. Njirayi imayamba ndikujambula kwa 3D kwa chipika chomwe mukufuna, ndikutsatiridwa ndi fanizo lomaliza la mphamvu za ejection. Chikombole chilichonse chimapangidwa ndi chitsulo cholimba kwambiri (58-62 HRC) ndipo chimaphatikizapo zoikamo zosavala. Quangong Machinery Co., Ltd. imapereka lipoti loyendera la 100% ndi nkhungu iliyonse, kutsimikizira kutsata kulekerera kwanu. Nthawi zotsogola za nkhungu zachizolowezi zimayambira masiku 25 mpaka 35. Chofunika kwambiri, fakitale yathu imakhala ndi maziko okhazikika a nkhungu omwe amalola kusinthidwa kopanda mtengo kwamtsogolo. Kutha uku kumawonetsetsa kuti zomangira za konkriti zitha kusiyanitsa zomwe zili patsamba lawo popanda kuyika ndalama pamakina atsopano.